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Year of the Dragon 2024 - The 12 Animals of the Zodiac in Japan

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The Chinese zodiac calendar was introduced in Japan around the fourth century. There are twelve animal signs used as symbols for each year, and 2024 is the Year of the Dragon. Read on to learn about the animal zodiac in Japan.

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2024 is the Year of the Dragon! Learn about the Japanese Zodiac

Year of the Dragon 2024 - The 12 Animals of the Zodiac in Japan

The Chinese animal zodiac (eto) was introduced in Japan around the third to the fourth century. It was mainly employed as a way of indicating the day, month, year, time of the day, orientation in space, as well as the order in a sequence of events in a symbolical form.

As there are twelve animals in the zodiac, it is also referred to as juni-shi ("the twelve branches", with juni meaning "twelve" in Japanese), as the cycle rotates every twelve years. The animal of the year changes on January first.

Year of the Rabbit 2023 - The 12 Animals of the Zodiac in Japan

Below are the Japanese names of each zodiac animal. 2024 is a Tatsu-doshi, or Year of the Dragon.

子 (Ne): Rat
丑 (Ushi): Ox
寅 (Tora): Tiger
卯 (U): Rabbit
辰 (Tatsu): Dragon
巳 (Mi): Snake
午 (Uma): Horse
未 (Hitsuji): Sheep
申 (Saru): Monkey
酉 (Tori): Rooster
戌 (Inu): Dog
亥 (Inoshishi): Wild Boar

Finding the Twelve Zodiac Signs at a Shrine

At Japanese shrines, you will often see a lot of objects related to the twelve animals of the zodiac. For example, at Hakuto Shrine in Tottori, you'll find the rabbit, while Gou Shrine (Kyoto) is dedicated to the sign of the wild boar.

These zodiac symbols are often found around shrines throughout Japan, so be sure to look when visiting. If you research the myths and legends regarding the connection between eto and the shrines you will get a sense of just how long their history really is.

Year of the Tiger 2022 - The 12 Animals of the Zodiac in Japan

During Hatsumode (the first shrine visit of the year), many people purchase omikuji (paper fortune slips).

Though many kinds of omikuji exist, the eto-mikuji, which means drawing out the fortune-telling paper for the year you were born in, is one of the most popular.

The paper eto oracles found at Shimogamo Shrine and the Toyokuni Shrine in Kyoto, are placed inside a small ceramic animal-shaped object. After you've had fun reading them, you can look forward to taking this cute item home and placing it in your room. They are, of course, wonderful souvenirs.

The Twelve Animals of the Zodiac and the New Year

You will encounter objects reminding you of the Twelve Animals of the Zodiac around the New Year, especially when it comes to writing New Years' greeting cards (nengajo).

The Twelve Animal Signs of the Asian Zodiac are incorporated into the New Year postcards and stamps, so it's something that everybody naturally becomes aware of during this time of the year.

Year of the Tiger 2022 - The 12 Animals of the Zodiac in Japan

During the New Year season, women and men who were born in the same year as the current zodiac sign are called "toshi-otoko" (men) and "toshi-onna" (women). The word "toshi" means year, and "otoko" and "onna" mean "man" and "woman" respectively. It marks a critical turning point in their lives and it feels a little bit special.

2023 is the Year of the Rabbit (Usagi-doshi in Japanese), so any cards and talismans with illustrations of tigers are considered auspicious this year. 2024 is the Year of Dragon (Tatsu-doshi) so look out for seasonal greeting cards decorated with dragons.

The Japanese are not always consciously aware of the zodiac signs. However, it is something that remains rooted in everyday life.

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The MATCHA editorial department. Our articles feature useful travel information for visitors to Japan, from how-to guides to recommended places to visit.

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